Twenty-five years after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, Afghanistan remains central to the evolving security and geopolitical dynamics of South Asia. The US-led intervention, nearly two decades of international engagement, and the Taliban’s return to power in 2021 have fundamentally reshaped Afghanistan’s relations with its neighbours.

Today, evolving regional engagement, terrorism concerns, and Pakistan’s growing security challenges have opened a new chapter in Afghanistan’s geopolitical landscape.

Against this backdrop, South Asia Times (SAT) brings together leading voices for an X Space to reflect on the geopolitical transformations since 9/11 and examine what Afghanistan’s evolving strategic environment means for Pakistan and the wider region.