
The Indus: From Historical Precedent to Modern Hydro-Politics
From ancient rivers to modern disputes, the Indus highlights how upstream projects and treaty tensions jeopardize Pakistan’s economy, environment, and food security.

From ancient rivers to modern disputes, the Indus highlights how upstream projects and treaty tensions jeopardize Pakistan’s economy, environment, and food security.

India’s Net Zero 2070 target reflects a delicate balance between development equity and climate urgency. While progress in renewables, green finance, and adaptation is visible, the absence of clear interim milestones risks turning ambition into delay. The real challenge lies in translating a distant horizon into measurable, near-term climate action before 2030.

Pakistan’s National Climate Change Policy (NCCP) presents a comprehensive roadmap to tackle the country’s growing climate challenges. From managing water resources and protecting biodiversity to empowering women and promoting renewable energy, the NCCP blends adaptation and mitigation for a sustainable future. Yet, implementation gaps: limited funding, institutional weaknesses, and policy incoherence, threaten its potential. Strengthened governance, transparency, and international cooperation remain key to turning this vision into climate resilience for Pakistan.

Pakistan faces an existential crisis from climate change, despite contributing less than 1% to global emissions. Reimagining US-Pakistan relations through climate change cooperation offers a pathway to resilience, climate finance, and regional stability while advancing US global climate leadership.

Pakistan is facing a new environmental reality where floods, glacier melts, and devastating cloudbursts are no longer rare but routine. Despite contributing less than 1% of global emissions, the country bears the brunt of climate change, with fragile infrastructure and limited resources leaving millions vulnerable to recurring disasters.

Pakistan’s devastating floods have exposed a systemic failure of outdated water infrastructure. Without urgent investment in modern dams, flood canals, and climate adaptation, the country will remain locked in a cycle of annual destruction. Learning from international models and pursuing cooperative management of shared rivers with India is vital to building a secure and resilient future.

Climate change is reshaping life in Azad Jammu and Kashmir, from melting glaciers and cloudbursts to devastating floods. Beyond economic losses, these disasters are leaving deep psychological scars, with rising cases of PTSD, depression, and chronic stress. Yet, awareness of the mental health toll remains scarce, underscoring the urgent need for community resilience and mental health support in AJK.

Pakistan is already in climate catastrophe. Deadly floods, landslides, and heatwaves expose weak governance and demand urgent action.

As monsoon floods return, South Asia faces a deeper crisis: climate change. Vanishing glaciers, rising seas, and food insecurity threaten the region’s future. Without urgent cooperation, this climate time bomb could trigger widespread instability.

In a decisive blow to unilateralism, the PCA upheld the Indus Waters Treaty, marking a major legal and diplomatic win for Pakistan.