Murtaza Dawar is a Pakistani young scholar interested in Islamic intellectual and legal history of South Asia and the Middle East. He can be reached on X @MohamadMurtaza_.
Sovereignty in the Indian subcontinent transformed from a divinely ordained king who wielded both political and religious authority to a modern colonial state.
The Islamic tradition in India is as indigenous as any other traditions in South Asia. But colonial era writings and modern Hindu nationalism portray Islam as foreign, endangering Muslim communities.